据离岸工程网站2月26日消息 德国皇家荷兰壳牌公司的目标是生产航空燃料和由农作物和可再生能源制成的石脑油，并在寻求摆脱原油的同时，将一家生产无化石氢气的电解厂扩大至商业规模。
这家能源巨头上周五在一次网络会议上表示，公司已经向欧盟和德国专门用于脱碳的基金申请补贴，以开展这项工作。
壳牌德国公司负责人费比安 齐格勒表示，每年应支出数亿欧元，但他没有给出公司与公共资金之间理想的比例。
全球壳牌集团为自己设定了2050年实现净零排放的目标。
在Wesseling（莱茵炼油厂的子单位），壳牌计划利用绿色电力和生物质能，以无碳的方式生产合成动力液体（PTL），从长期来看，将取代传统的喷气燃料和石脑油。
年产10万吨PTL工厂将于2023年建成，2025年投产。
壳牌还给出了建造一座100兆瓦（MW）电解厂的计划（Refhyne II），在现有10兆瓦电解厂的基础上扩大规模。
当可再生能源的电力用于生产氢气时，氢气被认为是一种绿色燃料。
壳牌已经开始获得海上风力发电资产，这些资产的电力可以用作电解的原料。
通过最近一次收购Next Kraftwerke，一家虚拟发电厂（VPP）运营商，该公司获得了发电厂和太阳能发电厂的聚合生物质。
齐格勒表示，Refhyne II的最终投资决定将于今年做出，生产可能在2025年底开始。
去年夏天，柏林政府拨出70亿欧元用于在德国制造绿色氢气，另外还拨出20亿欧元用于与其他国家建立伙伴关系，以便在工业和能源领域引入替代燃料。
该市场的建立将需要许多年，但2030年有明确的目标，同时计划重新调整现有天然气和石油运输基础设施的用途，例如围绕现有炼油厂集群。
以质量计，氢的能量含量很高，但电解产生的转化损失和准备交付所涉及的高成本构成了挑战。
他说，考虑到以化石燃料为基础的氢气价格为1.50欧元/公斤，生产每公斤5-6欧元的绿色氢气的成本必须降低。
Wesseling的计划与其他欧洲壳牌公司的计划相结合，与合作伙伴一起在汉堡和荷兰建立电解生产。
壳牌希望建立运输行业的氢气供应链，并提供充电。
吴恒磊 编译自 离岸工程
原文如下：
Shell Accelerating Renewables Push in Germany
Royal Dutch Shell in Germany aims to produce aviation fuel and naphtha made from crops and renewable power and to increase to commercial scale an electrolysis plant that makes fossil-free hydrogen, as it seeks to move away from crude oil.
The energy major told an Fabian Ziegler, head of Shell Deutschland, said several hundred million euros should be spent per year, but he did not give a desired ratio between company and public funding.
The global Shell group has set itself a goal of net zero emissions by 2050.
At Wesseling, part of the Rheinland refinery, Shell plans to use green electricity and biomass to produce synthetic power-to-liquids (ptl) in a carbon-free way to replace, over the long term, conventional jet fuel and naphtha.
The 100,000 tonnes/p.a. ptl plant could be built from 2023 and start producing in 2025.
Shell also gave a timeline for building a 100 megawatt (MW) electrolysis plant, to be called Refhyne II, scaling up from an existing 10 MW plant.
Hydrogen is considered a green fuel when electricity from renewable energy sources is used in its production.
Shell has begun securing offshore wind power assets whose electricity it could use as feedstock for electrolysis.
Through its latest purchase of Next Kraftwerke, a virtual power plant (VPP) operator, it gets access to aggregated biomass-to-power and solar plants.
A final investment decision for Refhyne II is due this year and production could start by the end of 2025, Ziegler said.
The Berlin government last summer earmarked 7 billion euros for the build-up of green hydrogen in Germany, plus a further 2 billion euros to set up partnerships with other countries, to introduce the alternative fuel across industries and energy.
The market’s build-up will take many years but there are clear targets in place for 2030, accompanied by plans to repurpose existing gas and oil transport infrastructure for example around existing refinery clusters.
Hydrogen has a high energy content by mass, but conversion losses from electrolysis and high costs involved in readying it for delivery pose challenges.
Costs of producing green hydrogen of 5-6 euros per kg must come down, given that fossil fuels-based hydrogen costs 1.50 euros/kg, he said.
The plans for Wesseling tie in with other European Shell initiatives, with partners, to build electrolysis production in Hamburg and in the Netherlands.
Shell wants to build up transport sector delivery chains for hydrogen and provide electric charging.
