据世界石油1月7日报道，沙特阿拉伯上调了对亚洲和美国客户的石油定价。此前，沙特采取了令人震惊的减产举措，导致原油价格攀升。
沙特在欧佩克+会议上做出削减石油产量的单方面决定一天后，决定在2月份提高运往这两个地区的所有等级的石油价格。
周三，沙特阿拉伯国家石油公司(Saudi Aramco)将其旗舰产品阿拉伯轻质油的价格上调至高出基准价格1美元/桶的水平，这也是8月份以来的最高水平。要知道，亚洲是沙特最大的石油出口市场。这个世界最大石油出口国向其主要市场销售的石油价格，连续第二个月增长。最近几周，因为冬季严寒，一些亚洲国家的能源需求增加。
沙特1月份出口价格增加了70美分，超过了欧佩克+会议之前市场的预期。根据彭博社12月底对5名交易员的调查，预估上涨40美分左右。对美国的出口价格提高了20美分。
不过，沙特阿美降低了西北欧和地中海地区的出口价格，这些地区的能源需求在过去一个月受到了新冠肺炎疫情的冲击。
与此同时，沙特对美国的石油出口量出现35年来的历史性下降，上周美国没有进口沙特的任何原油。由于美国每周都会公布进口和石油储备数据，沙特削减对美国的出口是向更广泛的市场发出供应收紧信号的最快方式。
沙特表示，将于2月和3月每日额外减产100万桶，这将进一步限制原油流入亚洲，并推高原油价格。布伦特原油(Brent crude)在过去三天上涨了7%以上，接近每桶55美元，为2020年2月以来的最高水平。
即使削减了产量，沙特在2月和3月的日产量仍将达到812万桶左右，这是欧佩克第二大产油国伊拉克的两倍以上。
沙特能源部长阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·本·萨勒曼王子(Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman)周三表示，沙特的减产将于4月结束。此前，沙特已经采取减产措施，作为欧佩克+提振油价努力的一部分。
他指出:“我们给了石油行业一份很棒的礼物和一个惊喜。我们正在向该行业提供支持和帮助。”
欧佩克及其俄罗斯等盟国在这次会议上出现了分歧。莫斯科建议欧佩克继续实施在2月份增加50万桶/天的石油供应的计划，而利雅得和大多数其他成员国则更为谨慎，指出要考虑全球新冠肺炎感染人数不断上升的危机环境。
最终，俄罗斯和哈萨克斯坦获准小幅增产，而除沙特阿拉伯以外的其他国家将保持产量稳定。
王佳晶 摘译自 世界石油
原文如下：
Saudis raise oil prices for U.S., Asian shipments after output cut
Saudi Arabia raised pricing for oil customers in Asia and the U.S. after its shock move this week to cut output sent crude prices climbing.
A day after its unilateral decision during an OPEC+ meeting to slash oil production, the kingdom opted to increase prices for all grades shipped to the two regions in February.
State producer Saudi Aramco The increase of 70 cents from January’s shipments was more than the market had expected ahead of the OPEC+ gathering. The median estimate was for a hike of 40 cents, according to a Bloomberg survey of five traders in late December. All U.S. grades were raised by 20 cents.
Aramco lowered prices for the northwest European and Mediterranean regions, where energy demand has been hit by new coronavirus lockdowns over the past month.
It’s the second straight monthly increase for oil that the world’s biggest exporter sells to its main market. Some Asian nations have experienced higher energy demand in recent weeks, thanks in part to a cold winter.
The move coincides with an historic drop in Saudi oil shipments to the U.S. For the first time in 35 years, America didn’t import any of the kingdom’s crude last week. Cutting shipments to the U.S. is the quickest way for Saudi Arabia to signal to the wider market that it’s tightening supply because the U.S. reports import and oil storage data weekly. Other big energy consumers, like China, publish such information less frequently.
Saudi Caution
The Saudis’ reduction of output by 1 million barrels a day next month and in March is set to further restrict the flow of barrels to Asia and has already spurred higher crude prices. Brent crude has gained more than 7% in the past three days and is near $55 a barrel, its highest level since February.
Even with the output cuts, the kingdom will pump about 8.12 million barrels a day in February and March, more than twice the level of Iraq, the OPEC’s second-largest producer.
The Saudi production curbs -- which come “We gave the oil industry a wonderful present and a wonderful surprise,” he said. “We’re extending support and help to the industry.”
The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies such as Russia were split at their meeting. Moscow proposed the group move ahead with plans to add 500,000 barrels a day of supply next month, while Riyadh and most other members were more cautious, pointing to the rising number of coronavirus infections globally.
Ultimately, Russia and Kazakhstan were allowed small increases in production, while all others aside from Saudi Arabia will hold theirs steady.
