据阿拉伯贸易网2021年9月2日报道，受全球脱碳努力和可能随之而来的商业机会的推动，绿色氢气已成为政策制定者和工业参与者的一个关键议程主题。
尽管相关项目正在追求雄心勃勃的目标，但伴随绿色氢气经济而来的可能性取决于政策、供应、基础设施和需求等多个条件。
中东地区历史最悠久的管理咨询公司Arthur D Little (ADL)在一份题为《为绿色氢气铺平道路：部署绿色氢气的关键考虑》的报告中阐述了这一观点。
这份报告审查了绿色氢气在未来将扮演的角色，详细阐述了有前景的用例和成功部署所需的下一步步骤。
ADL中东地区合伙人卡尔洛·斯特拉解释说：“脱碳再次被提上了世界议程的首位，各国都在积极寻求降低排放并向清洁能源转型”
2015年达成的《巴黎协定》引发了广泛的行动，此后几年各国领导人都在鼓励技术支持的脱碳。 如果基本条件和一些紧迫的要求在短期内得到满足，绿色氢气已被确定为实现脱碳目标的关键技术。
许多中东国家的政府，特别是沙特阿拉伯和阿联酋的政府，目前正在这一领域探索可开发的机会，因为绿色氢气有助于减少对碳氢化合物的经济依赖，并有助于经济发展和能源供应多样化。
此外，外交政策和双边协议也将加强绿色氢气经济的重要性。
沙特阿拉伯已经在2021年宣布与德国建立绿色氢气战略发展联盟，以生产、加工、使用和运输清洁的氢气，这是沙特阿拉伯在寻求生产更多绿色氢气方面迈出的一大步。
同样，在阿联酋，一个绿色氢气项目于今年5月在迪拜的穆罕默德·本·拉希德·阿勒马克图姆太阳能园开幕。
这个项目与迪拜水电局(DEWA)、2020年迪拜世博会和西门子能源公司合作，是中东和北非地区第一个太阳能驱动的绿色氢气生产设施。
ADL中东负责人埃迪·加南表示：“随着国家和行业参与者共同努力实现他们共同的绿色氢气目标，战略联盟肯定会产生影响。”
“话虽如此，绿色氢气生产的复杂性不容忽视，拥有双源可再生能源是可持续脱碳成功的另一个必要条件。”
虽然许多地方并不缺乏单一的可再生能源，但目前很少有地方能够满足多种能源的最低要求。 其中一个例子是沙特阿拉伯的NEOM，那里正在开发世界上最大的绿色氢气厂。 完工后，NEOM的太阳能和风能可再生能源的可用性预计将产生2-3吨/千瓦时的综合电力成本，这将把绿色氢生产的总成本降低到大约2美元/公斤。
报告指出了绿色制氢项目成功的三个必要条件：具有成本竞争力的生产、生产和供应的可靠性以及吸引投资者的风险对冲。
此外，本报告还研究了潜在的氢气需求，同时为决策者提供了有价值的机会分析、风险限制以及与政策和基础设施相关的其他风险和条件。
卡尔洛·斯特拉总结道：“尽管绿色氢气项目正在推进，更多的投资也已敲定，但只有在政策、供应、基础设施和需求等领域的繁荣条件得到保障，这种势头才能持续下去。”
“通过基于透明度、协作和创新的集体努力，相关各方可以实现企业和国家的脱碳承诺，成功地配置绿色氢气，开启可再生能源转型的新篇章。”
李峻 编译自 阿拉伯贸易网
原文如下：
Cost, reliability key conditions for success of green hydrogen projects
GREEN hydrogen (H2) has become a key agenda topic for policymakers and industrial players, driven by global decarbonisation efforts and the commercial opportunities that could follow.
Although ambitious targets are now being pursued through related projects, the possibilities that accompany the green H2 economy depend align="justify"> A report, entitled ‘Paving the way for green hydrogen: Key considerations for green H2 deployment’ by Arthur D Little (ADL), the leading management consultancy firm with the longest-standing presence in the Middle East region, expounds this viewpoint.
The report examines the role green H2 will have in the future, elaborating align="justify"> “Decarbonisation has been raised again align="justify"> “The 2015 Paris Agreement has instigated widespread action, with leaderships encouraging technology-backed decarbonisation in the years since. Green Hydrogen has been identified as a key technology to bridge decarbonisation ambitions, if the basic conditions and some pressing requirements are met in the short term.”
Many governments in the Middle East, especially Saudi Arabia and the UAE, are currently exploring opportunities that can be exploited in this field, as green hydrogen helps reduce economic dependence align="justify"> Furthermore, foreign policy and bilateral agreements are also reinforcing the green H2 economy’s importance.
Already in 2021, Saudi Arabia has announced a strategic green H2 development alliance with Germany to generate, process, use, and transport clean hydrogen, representing a significant stride as the Kingdom seeks to produce greater volumes of green H2.
Similarly in the UAE, a green H2 project was inaugurated at the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park in Dubai this past May.
In collaboration with Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), Expo 2020 Dubai, and Siemens Energy, the project is the first solar-driven green H2 producing facility in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
“Strategic alliances are certain to be impactful as countries and industry players work together to realise their shared and mutual green H2 objectives,” says Eddy Ghanem, Principal at ADL Middle East.
“That being said, the complex nature of green H2 production cannot be overlooked, and having dual sources of renewable energy is another necessity for sustained decarbonisation success.”
While many locations have no shortage of single renewables sources, few are currently capable of meeting minimum requirements in terms of multiple sources. align="justify"> Upon completion, the availability of both solar and wind renewable energy in NEOM is expected to yield a combined electricity cost of $2-3 ct/Kwh, which will reduce the total cost of green H2 production to approximately $2/kg.
The report indicates three conditions necessary for the success of green hydrogen generation projects: cost-competitive production, reliability of production and supply, and hedging of risks to attract investors.
Potential hydrogen demands are also examined, while decision-makers are provided with valuable opportunities analysis, risk limitation, and other risks and conditions related to policies and infrastructure.
“Although green H2 projects are being pursued and more investments finalised, this momentum can align="justify"> “Through a collective effort based on transparency, collaboration, and innovation, interested parties can deliver on companies and countries decarbonisation commitments, successfully deploying green H2 to usher in a new chapter of renewable energy transformation.”
