据《石油世界期刊》8月16日报道，今年下半年，巴西几乎一半的再气化产能将闲置，这可能会吸引新的液化天然气货物进入该国。
干旱导致关键的水力发电能力不足，促使巴西当局增加天然气发电能力。根据可获得的再气化能力，这些增加可能会将巴西14吉瓦的基本燃气发电能力提高约6吉瓦。 到年底，全国再气化产能 9,000 万立方米/天，其中约 4,000 万立方米/天处于闲置状态。
一旦国有的巴西国家石油公司完成政府要求，将其再气化船运往东北部塞阿拉州的Pecem终端，液化天然气运输将尽快实现。此举将最大增加再气化能力700万立方米/天，并可能促使该地区没有天然气供应的两个发电厂的750兆瓦的发电量。
闲置的再气化能力还取决于巴国油在Mexilhao海上平台维护期间如何管理天然气生产。
矿业和能源部正在对短期内可以安装的小型发电机和现有发电厂的闲置发电能力进行电力拍卖。但是，为了供应这些设施，大部分新增的燃气发电设备必须位于靠近海岸的再气化终端，或连接到现有的管道，这些管道也集中在海岸。
该国政府还希望将双燃料发电厂改为燃料发电，让更多的天然气供应给小型发电机。
巴西有5个液化天然气终端在运营。其中三家为巴国油所有:Ceará州的Pecem;里约热内卢的巴亚德瓜纳巴拉;以及巴伊亚州的Baía de Todos os Santos。另外两个是私人所有的:CELSE在Sergipe州的Porto de Sergipe终端;以及位于里约热内卢里约热内卢的Porto de Açu终端，该终端为GNA所有。
这些短期措施将有助于巴西规避11月2吉瓦电力短缺的风险，该国政府希望通过从阿根廷和乌拉圭进口电力来避免这种风险。但这些行动对2022年巴西的电力安全至关重要。
到今年年底，用于水力发电的水库将达到历史最低水平，引发巴西当局和电力消费者的担忧。预计巴西明年将高度依赖火力发电，最好由天然气供应。
三个新的再气化设施预计将于2022年或2023年开始运营:位于圣卡塔琳娜州南部的Gas Sul终端;伯南布哥州东北部的Suape终端;以及帕拉州北部的Barcarena终端。随着这些新增产能的增加，到2023年，巴西的再气化能力将达到1.44亿立方米/天，或是目前国内天然气生产和液化天然气进口供应的巴西天然气总需求量的两倍。
郝芬 译自 《石油世界期刊》
原文如下：
Nearly half of Brazil's LNG regasification capacity idle
Almost half of Brazilian regasification capacity is idle for the second half of the year, which could lure new LNG cargoes into the country.
A drought that has resulted in a lack of crucial hydropower capacity is pushing Brazilian authorities to bring more gas-fired power generation capacity align="justify"> LNG shipments will be possible as soon as state-controlled Petrobras can complete the government request to take its regasification ship to Pecem terminal in the northeast state of Ceara. The move will add a maximum regasification capacity of 7mn m³/d and could result in the dispatch of 750MW from two power plants in the region that do not have natural gas supply.
The amount of idle regasification capacity also depends align="justify"> The Ministry of Mines and Energy is pursuing power auctions for both small generators that can be installed in the short term and idle capacity at existing power plants. But in order for the facilities to be supplied, most of the added gas-fired generation must be located close to regasification terminals near the coast, or connected to existing pipelines, which are also concentrated align="justify"> The government is also looking to shift dual-fuel power plants to run align="justify"> Brazil has five LNG terminals operating. Three of them are owned by Petrobras: Pecem in Ceará state; Baia de Guanabara in Rio de Janeiro; and Baía de Todos os Santos, in Bahia. The other two are privately owned: CELSE's Porto de Sergipe terminal in Sergipe state; and Porto de Açu terminal in Rio de Janeiro, which is owned by GNA.
The short-term actions will help Brazil skirt a 2GW shortage risk in November, which the government expects to avoid with power imports from Argentina and Uruguay. But the actions will be essential for Brazilian electrical security in 2022.
Water reservoirs for hydropower generation will reach minimal historical levels by the end of this year, stoking concerns for Brazilian authorities and power consumers. Brazil is expected to be highly dependent align="justify"> Three new regasification facilities are expected to start operation by 2022 or 2023: Gas Sul terminal, in the southern state of Santa Catarina; Suape Terminal, in the northeastern state of Pernambuco; and Barcarena terminal, in the northern state of Para. With these additions, Brazilian regasification capacity should reach a total of 144mn m³/d by 2023, or two times the total Brazilian natural gas demand, supplied today by both domestic gas production and by LNG import.
