据能源世界网1月25日伦敦报道，根据周一的一份报告显示，随着新项目上线和煤电下降，可再生能源在2020年首次超过化石燃料成为欧盟的主要电力来源。
这份由智库Ember和Agora Energiewende撰写的报告显示，2020年，风能和太阳能等可再生能源的发电量占欧盟27个成员国总发电量的38%，煤炭和天然气等化石燃料的发电量占37%。
2020年，丹麦的风能和太阳能所占比例最高，这两种能源发电量占其电力需求的61%。爱尔兰达到35%，德国达到33%。
根据数据显示，可再生能源份额最低的国家是斯洛伐克和捷克共和国，低于5%。
据该报告显示，旨在限制新型疫情传播的对家庭和企业的限制导致欧盟去年总体电力需求下降4%，但化石燃料生产商感受到了更强烈的影响。
据该报告称，2020年燃煤发电量下降了20%，自2015年以来下降了一半。几乎每个国家的煤炭发电量都出现了下降，延续了新冠之前就存在的煤电下降。
为了达到减排目标，许多欧洲国家正在逐步淘汰污染严重的燃煤电厂，但与更便宜的可再生能源发电相比，疫情封锁期间的低电价也让一些燃煤电厂无法盈利。
Ember高级电力分析师戴夫·琼斯（Dave Jones）表示，可再生能源将继续增长，因为我们将继续安装更多的设备。关于化石燃料是否会反弹的判断尚无定论，但如果反弹的话，预计不会很大。
郝芬 译自 能源世界网
原文如下：
Renewables overtook fossil fuels in EU electricity mix in 2020 - Report
Renewables overtook fossil fuels as the European Union's main source of electricity for the first time in 2020 as new projects came Renewable sources such as wind and solar generated 38 per cent percent of the 27-member state bloc's electricity in 2020, with fossil fuels such as coal and gas contributing 37 per cent, the report by think tanks Ember and Agora Energiewende showed.
Denmark achieved the highest proportion of wind and solar power, which contributed 61 per cent of its electricity needs in 2020. Ireland achieved 35 per cent and Germany 33 per cent.
Countries with the lowest share of renewables, below 5 per cent, were Slovakia and the Czech Republic, the data showed.
Curbs Coal-fired power generation fell 20 per cent in 2020 and has halved since 2015 it said.
"Coal generation fell in almost every country, continuing coal's collapse that was well in place before Covid-19," the report said.
Many European countries are phasing out polluting coal-plants in order to meet emission reduction targets, but low electricity prices amid the pandemic lockdowns also made some coal plants unprofitable to run compared with cheaper renewable generation.
"Renewables will keep rising, because we keep installing more and more. The jury's out as to whether fossil fuels will rebound but if they do rebound it's not expected to be by a lot," Dave Jones, Ember's senior electricity analyst said.
