据钻机地带网2019年6月29日休斯顿报道，在未来10至20年内，向100%可再生的美国电网过渡将需要高达4.5万亿美元的投资。
这是根据伍德麦肯兹（Wood Mackenzie）的最新分析报告得出的结论。伍德麦肯兹估计美国未来10至20年将需要大约1600吉瓦的新增风能和太阳能发电能力来取代所有化石燃料发电。
伍德麦肯兹指出，美国在此期间还需要大约900吉瓦的新储存来确保风能和太阳能的发电在消费者需要的时候可以获得。伍德麦肯兹发现，允许20%的电力结构来自现有的天然气发电将减少大约20%的可再生能源成本以及减少能源储存成本至少60%。
全球风能研究主管丹•施里夫在一份公司声明中表示：“大规模部署风能和太阳能发电将需要在公用事业规模的储存上进行大量投资以确保电网保持恢复力。”
施里夫补充说：““实现100%可再生能源的挑战远远超出新发电资产的资本成本。最值得注意的是，它将需要对电力市场进行大量的重新设计，从只使用传统能源的结构转向产能市场。”
美国石油学会(API)在周四美国总统初选辩论后的一篇现场博客中表示，关于即将出现完全由替代燃料驱动的能源格局的承诺“可能会引来掌声，但这不太可能形成合理的政策”。API在博客中写道：“美国的政策领导人应该积极推行旨在重视多样化能源组合恢复力的能源政策，而不是把婴儿连同洗澡水一起倒掉。”
本月早些时候，英国通过了一项立法，有望成为七国集团(G7)中首个在法律上设定净零排放目标的国家。英国的目标是到2050年前达到零排放。
李峻 编译自 钻机地带网
原文如下：
Decarbonizing US Power Grid Would Cost Up To $4.5T|
The transition to a 100 percent renewable U.S. power grid would need investment of up to $4.5 trillion over the next 10 to 20 years.
That’s according to new analysis from Wood Mackenzie (WoodMac), which estimates that about 1,600 gigawatts (GW) of new wind and solar capacity would be needed to produce enough energy to replace all fossil fuel generation in the country.
about 900 GW of new storage would also be needed to ensure wind and solar generated power is available exactly when consumers need it, WoodMac pointed out. Allowing 20 percent of the power mix to come from existing natural gas-fired generation would reduce renewable energy costs by roughly 20 percent and energy storage costs by at least 60 percent, WoodMac found.
“The mass deployment of wind and solar generation will require substantial investments in utility-scale storage to ensure grid resilience is maintained,” Dan Shreve, head of global wind energy research, said in a company statement.
"The challenges of achieving 100 percent renewable energy go far beyond the capital costs of new generating assets. Most notably, it will need a substantial redesign of electricity markets, migrating away from traditional energy-only constructs and more towards a capacity market,” he added.
In a live blog following the United States’ presidential primary debate “Instead of throwing the baby out with the bath water, America’s policy leaders should pursue energy policies that value the resilience of a diverse energy portfolio,” the API stated in the blog.
Earlier this month, the UK laid legislation that will put it
